noffsinger Chapter 1416 Complicated and difficult Chinese medicine
Chapter 1416 Complicated and difficult Chinese medicine
Why is Chinese medicine so difficult to learn and master?In fact, this has a deep relationship with the origin of Chinese medicine. Compared with the scientific and clear theory of Western medicine, the theory of Chinese medicine is really complicated and difficult to understand.
The theory of traditional Chinese medicine comes from the summary of medical experience and the thought of yin and yang and five elements in ancient China.Its contents include the theory of essence and qi, the theory of yin and yang and the five elements, qi, blood and body fluids, Tibetan images, meridians, constitution, etiology, pathogenesis, pathogenesis, treatment principles, and health preservation.
As early as more than 2000 years ago, the Chinese medicine monograph "Huangdi Neijing" came out, which laid the foundation of Chinese medicine.Today, the theories, diagnostic methods, and treatment methods related to traditional Chinese medicine can be found in this book.
The theoretical system of traditional Chinese medicine is gradually formed after long-term clinical practice under the guidance of materialism and syndrome differentiation. It comes from practice and in turn guides practice.Through the analysis of the phenomenon, in order to explore its internal mechanism.
Therefore, the unique theoretical system of traditional Chinese medicine has two basic characteristics, one is the overall concept, and the other is the dialectical @无@问@ .s. treatment.
The basic theory of traditional Chinese medicine is a theoretical summary of human life activities and changes in diseases. It mainly includes theories of yin and yang, five elements, qi, blood, body fluid, viscera, meridians, and luck, as well as etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, syndrome differentiation, and treatment principles. Treatment, prevention, health care, etc.The theory of luck: The theory of luck, also known as the five lucks and six qi, is a theory that studies and explores the impact of astronomy, meteorology, and climate changes on human health and diseases in nature.
The five movements include wood movement, fire movement, earth movement, gold movement and water movement, which refer to the seasonal cycle of spring, summer, long summer, autumn and winter in nature.The six qi are the six climatic factors of wind, cold, heat, dampness, dryness, and fire throughout the year.
The theory of luck is based on astronomical and calendar parameters to calculate and predict the laws of astronomical phenomena, climate, and disease occurrence and prevalence in the coming year, and to provide methods of prevention and health preservation.
Jingqi theory: Qi is the original substance that constitutes everything in the world.The movement of Qi is called "Qi Machine".There are four forms of "lifting in and out".The various changes produced by exercise are called "gasification", such as the "growth and old age" of animals.A "grown collection" of plants.
Qi is the intermediary between heaven, earth and all things, enabling them to respond sympathetically.Such as: "Man and the heaven and the earth are connected, and the sun and the moon correspond."The essence of heaven and earth is transformed into a human being.
Yin-yang theory: Yin-yang is a generalization of the properties of opposite sides of the interrelated things or phenomena in the universe.
At first, it refers to the back of the sun, the sun is yang, and the back is yin.Yin-yang interaction includes: yin-yang-interaction-feeling, opposition and restriction, mutual use, balance of growth and decline, and mutual transformation.Yin-Yang theory is the category of ancient Chinese philosophy.Deng's modern yin-yang is a division or subdivision of "unity of opposites" or "contradictory relationship", and the two are species relations.
The law of the unity of opposites is a superordinate concept of "Yin and Yang", and Yin and Yang are two subordinate concepts of the unity of opposites.
Yin-Yang is a pair-sex-state or attribute of two opposites that are incompatible yet closely related.The connotations of yin and yang negate each other.One concept "Yin" affirms the Yin attribute of the object, and the other concept "Yang" negates the attribute affirmed by the Yin concept as the attribute of the Yang object;
Yin-yang extensions are mutually exclusive.They are complementary to each other, and their sum is equal to the extension of their nearest genus concepts, that is, the sum or union of the extensions of two species concepts.
Yin-yang is a generalization of a pair of philosophical or logical categories of two different properties and attributes in the unity of opposites or contradictory relationship.That is, two things or one thing depend on each other.A pair of juxtaposed concepts that are related to each other, opposed to each other, mutually exclusive, mutually negated, and oppositely inherited.
Through the observation of contradictory phenomena, people gradually raised the concept of contradiction to the category of yin-yang, and used the ebb and flow of yin-yang to explain the movement and changes of things.
The Yin-Yang theory holds that the world is material, and matter is composed of Yin and Yang.Everything that is violent, vigorous, moving, outgoing, rising, warm, and bright belongs to Yang.Relatively still, inwardly guarded, descending, cold, and dark all belong to Yin.
Therefore, there are two opposite sides of yin-yang, under the effect of the ebb and flow of yin-yang and the unity of opposites.All things in the world are composed of mutual support-generation, mutual restraint-restriction, and mutual change.
Traditional Chinese medicine uses the concept of the unity of opposites between yin and yang to explain the complex connection between the human body-upper and lower parts, internal and external parts, and between human-body-life and external links such as nature and society.
The relative balance of the unity of opposites between yin and yang is the basis for maintaining and guaranteeing the normal activities of the human body; the imbalance and destruction of the unity of opposites between yin and yang will lead to the occurrence of diseases in the human body and affect the normal activities of life.
Theory of the Five Elements: The Theory of the Five Elements is an important achievement of ancient Chinese philosophy. The Theory of the Five Elements is to use the five philosophical categories of wood, fire, earth, metal, and water to summarize the attributes of different things in the objective world, and to use the dynamic model of the five elements to explain things. Interrelationships and transformation rules.
In the theory of the five elements, the five internal organs are matched with the five elements, namely: liver and wood, heart and fire, spleen and earth, metal and lungs, water and kidneys.
The five internal organs and the five elements should maintain relative balance and stability, and live in harmony.If the five internal organs and the five elements are out of balance, excessive, insufficient or rebellious, it will also cause the occurrence of disease, which provides sufficient basis for inferring the improvement and malignant transformation of the disease, and the treatment method.
Traditional Chinese medicine mainly uses the theory of the five elements to explain the functional connection between the five internal organs and the six internal organs and the mechanism of disease occurrence when the internal organs are out of balance, and it is also used to guide the treatment of internal organs diseases.
The five elements in Chinese medicine reflect the relationship between the five major systems of the human body with these five attributes.The five symbols of wood, fire, earth, metal, and water represent the five major systems governed by the liver, heart, spleen, lungs, and kidneys.
TCM does not study the theory of how microscopic viruses and bacteria act on the human body, but studies the relationship between the various systems of the human body as a whole, and adjusts the balance between various systems through traditional Chinese medicine, massage, acupuncture, and even psychological effects to maintain the body. healthy.
The interaction of the five elements includes: mutual generation, mutual restraint, restraint, victory and recovery, mutual insult, multiplication, mother-child-phase-and.
The theory of qi, blood and body fluid: qi, blood and body fluid are the basic substances that constitute the human body, and are the material basis for the physiological activities of tissues-organs such as viscera and meridians.
Qi is the most basic substance that constitutes the human body and maintains the life activities of the human body.Physiologically, it has the functions of promoting, warming, defending, immobilizing, and gasifying.Qi gathers together to form an organism, and when Qi disperses, the body perishes.
Zhuangzi said: "The whole world is one breath", the whole world is one breath.With this breath, exercise.As long as life is endless, there will be endless changes. Without this breath, it will be over.
Blood is the basic substance that constitutes the human body and maintains the life activities of the human body, and has a high nutritional and moisturizing effect.
Blood must run in the veins in order to exert its physiological functions.Blood circulates in the veins, reaching the viscera inside and reaching the skin, muscles, muscles and bones outside.It constantly plays a role in nourishing and moisturizing the viscera, tissues and organs of the whole body, and maintains the normal physiological activities of the human body.
Body fluid refers to the internal body fluids and normal secretions of various internal organs, tissues and organs, and is the general term for all normal water fluids in the body.
The traits, functions and distribution parts of Jinheye are different.Jin refers to the nature of relatively dilute, relatively large fluidity, distributed in the skin and muscles of the body surface, and can infiltrate into the blood vessels.Plays a moisturizing role.Liquid means thicker in nature.The fluidity is small, and it flows into tissues such as joints, viscera, and brain marrow, and plays a role of nourishing and nourishing.
Qi, blood and body fluid are the energy required by the body's viscera, meridians and other tissues and organs for physiological activities, and qi, blood and body fluid depend on the normal physiological activities of organs, meridians and other tissues and organs.If the generation of qi, blood and body fluid is not normal or the internal organs, meridians and other tissues and organs cannot carry out normal physiological activities, it will cause the occurrence of diseases.
Zang-fu theory: The theory of viscera mainly studies the five zang-organs (heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney), six fu-organs (small intestine, large intestine, stomach, bladder, gallbladder, triple burner) and the extraordinarily permanent fu-organs (brain, marrow, bone, veins, gallbladder) , female-offspring) physiological-physiological-function-function and pathological changes.
Tibet: Refers to the five viscera and six fu-organs in the human body, which are known as the viscera.
Image: One refers to "image", that is, the anatomical shape of the viscera; the second refers to "symptoms", that is, the physiology-physiology-disease-physics of the viscera on the outside; the third refers to "responsive image".That is, the viscera correspond to the yin-yang of the four seasons.
Through the changes of the external "image", the physiological and pathological state of the internal "hidden" can be detected.It is called "congxiangqizang".That is, "look at its external response to know its internal organs".
"Viscera" is not just an anatomical concept, but a comprehensive concept including anatomy, physiology, and pathology.
Five internal organs: Refers to the liver, heart, spleen, lungs, and kidneys. The general general function is "transformation and storage of essence".
Six internal organs: refers to the gallbladder, stomach, large intestine, small intestine, bladder, and triple burner. The general general function is "to decompose the grains of water, to separate the turbid secretion, and to transfer the dregs."
Qihengzhifu: refers to "brain, marrow, bone, veins, gallbladder, and female offspring".
Qi, blood, and body fluid Qi, blood, and body fluid are the basic substances that constitute and maintain the life activities of the human body
The formation of qi comes from nature and nurture.The essence of the parents is called "innate qi."The lungs inhale the natural clear qi, and the water qi produced by the spleen and stomach transporting and transforming the water qi, collectively called the "acquired qi".
Qi has the functions of promoting, warming, defending, solidifying, gasifying, and nourishing.
The Qi of the human body can be divided into Yuan Qi, Zong Qi, Ying Qi, Wei Qi, Zang Fu Qi, and Meridian Qi.
The abnormal movement of qi "lifting in and out" is called "unregulated qi."Its manifestations include qi stagnation, qi stagnation, qi reversal, qi depression, qi release, and qi occlusion.
For the meridian theory see: Acupuncture and acupoints
Meridians are the passages through which the human body runs qi and blood, connects viscera, body and organs, and communicates up and down.
The meridian system includes twelve meridians, twelve meridians, eight extra meridians, fifteen different collaterals, floating collaterals, sun collaterals, twelve meridian tendons, twelve skin parts, etc.
The importance of meridians in Chinese medicine is just like the "Bian Que Xinshu" said: "If you don't know the meridians when you study medicine, you will make mistakes when you open your mouth. If the meridians are not clear, you can't know the root of the disease and syndrome, and study the transmission of yin and yang."
Meridian theory: The meridian theory is a theory that studies the close relationship between the physiological functions, pathological changes and viscera of the meridians of the human body.Meridian is defined as the passage of Qi and blood in the human body, which communicates with the inside and outside, and connects the whole body.
Under pathological conditions, the function of the meridian system changes, and corresponding symptoms and signs will appear. Through these manifestations, internal organs diseases can be diagnosed.
Etiology theory: "Huangdi Neijing" divides the etiology into Yin and Yang categories: "Those born in Yang will get wind, rain, cold and heat", and "Those born in Yin will get diet, residence, Yin and Yang, joy and anger".
Zhang Zhongjing in the Han Dynasty divided the etiology into three categories in "Synopsis of the Golden Chamber": "The meridian is affected by evil into the viscera. It is an internal cause", "The nine orifices of the limbs are passed on by blood. The obstruction is blocked, and it is caused by the external skin", "The room room, golden blade, insects and beasts".
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In modern times, the etiology is divided into five categories: exogenous etiology: including six exogenous factors (wind, cold, heat, dampness, dryness and fire) and phlegm.
Causes of internal injuries: including the seven emotions (emotions, joy, anger, worry, thought, sadness, and fear), inappropriate diet, and loss of work and rest.
Secondary causes: including phlegm retention, blood stasis, and stones.
Other causes: including trauma, parasites, fetal transmission, various poisons, and medical treatment.
The onset of evil and righteousness are at war to determine the onset and development of the disease.Also known as "the struggle between good and evil".
"Evil qi" generally refers to various pathogenic factors, and "righteous qi" refers to the human body's self-repair and adjustment ability, ability to adapt to the environment, and disease resistance ability.
"Insufficiency of righteousness" is the internal basis of the disease, that is, "where evil gathers together, its Qi must be deficient" and "there is righteousness in it. Evil cannot be done."
Physique, emotion, region, climate, etc. are closely related to the onset of disease.
Pathogenesis Pathogenesis is the mechanism of disease occurrence, development and transmission, also known as "pathology".The basic pathogenesis includes: the ups and downs of evil and righteousness, the imbalance of yin and yang, the abnormality of Qi and blood, and the abnormality of body fluid metabolism;
Endogenous five evils.Including: internal movement of wind, cold from the middle, internal damp and turbidity, fluid injury and dryness, and internal heat;
Disease position transmission, including: external and internal access, six meridian transmission, triple burner transmission, Wei Qi Ying blood transmission, viscera transmission, etc.;
Transformation of disease nature, including: transformation of cold and heat, transformation of deficiency and excess, etc.;
Finally, there is the most mysterious theory of vitality in Chinese medicine: Chinese medicine believes that vitality is transformed by the innate essence.It is the most basic and important Qi of the human body.It is stored by the congenital kidney, nourished by the acquired spleen and stomach, distributed and diffused throughout the body through the triple burner and meridians.
Chinese medicine, like Western medicine, has a complete theoretical system. Its uniqueness lies in the holistic view of "harmony between man and nature" and "correspondence between man and nature" and the treatment based on syndrome differentiation.
The main characteristics are: Chinese medicine believes that human beings are an integral part of nature, composed of two types of substances, yin and yang, and yin and yang are opposed to each other and interdependent.And it is always in motion and change.
Under normal physiological conditions, the two are in a dynamic balance.Once this dynamic balance is disrupted, it becomes a pathological state.When treating diseases and correcting the imbalance of yin and yang, instead of adopting an isolated and static way of looking at the problem, it starts from a dynamic perspective, that is, emphasizing the "constant movement concept".
It believes that man and nature are a unified whole, that is, "the unity of man and nature" and "correspondence between man and nature".The law of human life activities and the occurrence of diseases are closely related to various changes in nature (such as seasonal climate, regional area, day and night, morning and evening, etc.). The natural environment in which people live and the degree of adaptation to the natural environment are different. Physical characteristics and pathogenesis are also different.
Therefore, when diagnosing and treating the same disease, more attention should be paid to adapting measures to time, place, and individual conditions, and it is not stereotyped.
It is believed that various tissues and organs of the human body coexist in a unity, and are interconnected and influenced each other no matter in physiology or pathology.
Therefore, we never look at a certain physiological or pathological phenomenon in isolation, treat the head for a headache, and treat the foot for a pain, but treat the treatment and prevention of diseases from a holistic perspective, with a special emphasis on the "holistic view".
[-]. Overall concept
The whole refers to the unity and integrity of the human body.
1. Chinese medicine believes that the human body is an organic whole, which is composed of several viscera-organs-organs-tissues and organs-organs.Each organization and organ has its own different functions, which determine the overall unity of the organism.
2. The unity of man and nature, there are necessary conditions for human survival in nature.Changes in nature can directly or indirectly affect the human body, and the body responds accordingly.They coordinate with each other in function and serve each other, and influence each other in pathology.
[-]. Dialectics
1.Concept: The so-called "syndrome" is the pathological summary of the body at a certain stage in the development of the disease.Including the location, cause, nature and relationship between evil and right of the lesion, it can reflect the nature of the pathological changes at a certain stage during the development of the disease, so it can reveal the development process of the disease more comprehensively, deeply and accurately than symptoms and essence.
The so-called "dialectics" is to analyze and synthesize the data, symptoms and signs collected by the four diagnostic methods (look, smell, ask, and feel), and to clarify the cause, nature, location, and relationship between evil and right of the disease, so as to summarize, The process of judging as a syndrome of a certain nature.
The so-called "treatment" is also called treatment, which is to determine the corresponding treatment principles and treatment methods according to the results of dialectical analysis.Dialectics is the premise and basis for deciding on treatment.Treatment is the means and methods of treating diseases.Therefore, the process of dialectical treatment is essentially the process of understanding and treating diseases in traditional Chinese medicine.
2.The relationship between dialectics and dialectics
Diseases have specific symptoms and signs, while syndromes are typical reaction states in the disease process.Clinical understanding and treatment of diseases in traditional Chinese medicine is both disease differentiation and dialectics, and further understanding of diseases through dialectics.
For example, a common cold shows symptoms such as aversion to cold, fever, and head and body pain. The disease belongs to the surface, but due to the difference in pathogenic factors and body reactivity, it often manifests as two different syndromes: wind-cold cold and wind-heat cold.
Only by clearly distinguishing whether it is wind-cold or wind-heat can we determine whether to use Xin Wen Jie Biao or Xin Liang Jie Biao to give appropriate and effective treatment, instead of simply local symptomatic methods of "seeing heat and reducing fever" and "treating headaches".
[-]. Concept of similarity = modern fractal view ----- The three philosophical views of Chinese medicine are modernized and scientific in comparison with images.
Fractals were created by Americans in the last century, but fractals--similar concepts have existed in China thousands of years ago, such as the famous Yin-Yang, and the five elements are the oldest fractal concepts, new discoveries by Deng Yu and others in the last century .
It is the modernization and scientization of comparing images to classes, images to mathematics, and numbers to classes, that is, the thinking method of grasping the relationship between the object world through analogy and symbolism, and expressing the abstract meaning of the object world by using perceptual, image, and intuitive concepts and symbols .
ps: Note: Thank you Jin Guiguan and Xie Zhixiu for your generous support, thank you!
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